Indigenous Peoples Day is celebrated on the second Monday of October and recognizes the resilience and diversity of Indigenous Peoples in the United States.  Indigenous Peoples Day serves as a platform to raise awareness about the ongoing struggles faced by Indigenous communities. It sheds light on issues such as land rights, cultural preservation, social justice, and the impacts of historical trauma and colonization. Through public events, educational initiatives, and advocacy efforts, the holiday provides and opportunity to address challenges and promote dialogue between Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities, fostering understanding, reconciliation, and positive change. 

The concept of Indigenous Peoples Day was first proposed in 1977 during the International Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas. A delegation of Native nations suggested replacing Columbus Day, which had been observed since 1937, with a holiday that acknowledges and celebrates the Indigenous people who were already living in the Americans when Columbus arrived. 

On October 8, 2021, Former ​President Joe Biden became he first commander in chief to formally recognize Indigenous Peoples’ Day by issuing a proclamation celebrating the upcoming holiday. Since then, an increasing number of states and cities have also recognized Indigenous Peoples Day – pivoting from a day long rooted in the celebration of explorer Christopher Columbus to one focused on the people whose lives and culture were forever changed by colonialism. 

The intention behind Indigenous Peoples Day is to highlight the rich and vibrant cultures, traditions, and knowledge systems of Indigenous communities. By shifting the focus away from Columbus and European colonization, the holiday aims to challenge the historical narrative that often marginalized or ignored the contributions and experiences of Indigenous peoples. It is an opportunity to educate the public about the diverse Indigenous cultures and histories that have shaped the Americas for thousands of years. 

The first official celebration of Indigenous Peoples Day took place in 1992 in Berkeley, California. The city’s council declared October 12th as a “Day of Solidarity with Indigenous People” to coincide with the 500th anniversary of Columbus’s arrival in the Americas. 

The observance of Indigenous Peoples Day extends beyond the United States. In Canada, National Indigenous Peoples Day is celebrated on June 21st to honor the diverse culture and heritage of Indigenous peoples. Brazil commemorates the National Day of the Indigenous People on April 19th, recognizing and promoting the rights and cultures of its Indigenous populations. 

Indigenous Peoples Day is celebrated with a wide range of events and activities, including cultural performances such as traditional dances, music and storytelling which showcase the richness and diversity of Indigenous traditions. Art exhibits featuring Indigenous artists’ works take place providing an opportunity to appreciate their creativity and unique perspectives. ​